InterPro : IPR001217

Name  Transcription factor STAT Short Name  STAT
Type  Family Description  The STAT protein (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) family contains transcription factors that are specifically activated to regulate gene transcription when cells encounter cytokines and growth factors, hence they act as signal transducers in the cytoplasm and transcription activators in the nucleus []. Binding of these factors to cell-surface receptors leads to receptor autophosphorylation at a tyrosine, the phosphotyrosine being recognised by the STAT SH2 domain, which mediates the recruitment of STAT proteins from the cytosol and their association with the activated receptor. The STAT proteins are then activated by phosphorylation via members of the JAK family of protein kinases, causing them to dimerise and translocated to the nucleus, where they bind to specific promoter sequences in target genes. In mammals, STATs comprise a family of seven structurally and functionally related proteins: Stat1, Stat2, Stat3, Stat4, Stat5a and Stat5b, Stat6. STAT proteins play a critical role in regulating innate and acquired host immune responses. Dysregulation of at least two STAT signalling cascades (i.e. Stat3 and Stat5) is associated with cellular transformation.Signalling through the JAK/STAT pathway is initiated when a cytokine binds to its corresponding receptor. This leads to conformational changes in the cytoplasmic portion of the receptor, initiating activation of receptor associated members of the JAK family of kinases. The JAKs, in turn, mediate phosphorylation at the specific receptor tyrosine residues, which then serve as docking sites for STATs and other signalling molecules. Once recruited to the receptor, STATs also become phosphorylated by JAKs, on a single tyrosine residue. Activated STATs dissociate from the receptor, dimerise, translocate to the nucleus and bind to members of the GAS (gamma activated site) family of enhancers.The seven STAT proteins identified in mammals range in size from 750 and 850 amino acids. The chromosomal distribution of these STATs, as well as the identification of STATs in more primitive eukaryotes, suggest that this family arose from a single primordial gene. STATs share structurally and functionally conserved domains including: an N-terminal domain that strengthens interactions between STAT dimers on adjacent DNA-binding sites; a coiled-coil STAT domain that is implicated in protein-protein interactions; a DNA-binding domain with an immunoglobulin-like fold similar to p53 tumour suppressor protein; an EF-hand-like linker domain connecting the DNA-binding and SH2 domains; an SH2 domain () that acts as a phosphorylation-dependent switch to control receptor recognition and DNA-binding; and a C-terminal transactivation domain []. The crystal structure of the N terminus of Stat4 reveals a dimer. The interface of this dimer is formed by a ring-shaped element consisting of five short helices. Several studies suggest that this N-terminal dimerisation promotes cooperativity of binding to tandem GAS elements and with the transcriptional coactivator CBP/p300.
Paste the following link
 Feedback
  Feedback
Object Class
Object ID
Category
Your name:
Your email address:
Lab
Institute
Subject:
Message:
* Evidence
* Attachment size limit is 10 MB
Lists
This ProteinDomain isn't in any lists. Upload a list.

Sequence Features

GO Displayer

Proteins

InterPro protein domain ID --> Contigs

 

Other

1 Child Features

Id Name Short Name Type
IPR029839 Signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 STAT4 Family

6 Contains

Id Name Short Name Type
IPR011992 EF-hand domain pair EF-hand-dom_pair Domain
IPR000980 SH2 domain SH2 Domain
IPR013801 STAT transcription factor, DNA-binding STAT_TF_DNA-bd Domain
IPR012345 STAT transcription factor, DNA-binding, subdomain STAT_TF_DNA-bd_sub Domain
IPR013799 STAT transcription factor, protein interaction STAT_TF_prot_interaction Domain
IPR022752 Signal transducer and activation of transcription 1, TAZ2 binding domain, C-terminal STAT1_TAZ2-bd_C Domain

0 Found In

0 Parent Features

2 Publications

First Author Title Year Journal Volume Pages
Kisseleva T Signaling through the JAK/STAT pathway, recent advances and future challenges. 2002 Gene 285 1-24
Chen X Crystal structure of a tyrosine phosphorylated STAT-1 dimer bound to DNA. 1998 Cell 93 827-39



To cite PlanMine, please refer to the following publication:

Rozanski, A., Moon, H., Brandl, H., Martín-Durán, J. M., Grohme, M., Hüttner, K., Bartscherer, K., Henry, I., & Rink, J. C.
PlanMine 3.0—improvements to a mineable resource of flatworm biology and biodiversity
Nucleic Acids Research, gky1070. doi:10.1093/nar/gky1070 (2018)